Furthermore, in a groundbreaking collaboration with copyright owners Off the Fence (The Netherlands), Gorongosa Media Project (US/Mozambique) and Bob Poole Films, hundreds of hours of raw footage of elephant behavior, originally shot for documentaries in Gorongosa and the Mara, were granted to ElephantVoices for use in science and education. Unique in their detail and scope, the original databases constituted the only accessible online documentation of the repertoire of African elephant behavior. TEE combines, restructures and dramatically expands on those databases and includes many more behaviors, annotated video clips, higher-resolution images, additional audio files and examples from additional populations. We aim to create an exhaustive list of the behavior of this species.įurther to our behavior studies of elephants in Amboseli between 19, we carried out elephant behavior and conservation projects in Maasai Mara, Kenya and Gorongosa, Mozambique between 20, during which we collected images and video of the behavior of known individuals. It replaces ElephantVoices' online Elephant Gestures and Elephant Calls Databases developed originally in 2003 and revamped in 2011 (and see Poole & Granli 2011 and Poole 2011), that were based on our decades of study in Amboseli, Kenya and the work of other scientists (e.g., Douglas-Hamilton 1972, Kahl & Armstrong 2000, 2002, Moss 1983). We intend TEE to be a repository for scientific study and comparison, and to inspire broader interest in elephant behavior, conservation and welfare. The Elephant Ethogram is a multimedia catalogue, or library, that aims to describe the characteristics and, where possible, the functions of the behaviors that have been recorded for African savanna elephants ( Loxodonta africana). As scientists document their extraordinary behavior, elephants are increasingly impacted by humans and their lives are changing. IntroductionĪfrican savanna elephants are among the most socially complex non-human species (McComb et al 2000, Poole & Moss 2008) on our planet, as well as one of the more heavily exploited. Please contact us via this email-address. The first version of TEE was made available on in late April 2021. We welcome comments, behaviors for inclusion, or submissions of interesting video from our colleagues or members of the public. The Elephant Ethogram is a living database and we will continue to supplement it over the coming years with currently undocumented behavior and additional or unusual video clips or photographs. We define 322 Behaviors, 103 Behavioral Constellations and 23 Contexts. We, therefore, include introductory and explanatory information suitable for both audiences. TEE is built on ElephantVoices previous online behavior and calls databases (and see also Poole & Granli 2011 and Poole 2011), to which we have added hundreds of new behaviors, included video, and improved the structure and functionality of the database. The Elephant Ethogram is based on our decades of behavioral studies and our photographic, acoustic and videographic collections from Amboseli National Park and Maasai Mara ecosystem, Kenya, and from Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique, as well as on raw video footage from documentaries filmed in the Maasai Mara and Gorongosa, and on footage of unusual behavior filmed by our colleagues and the general public. In a unique, user-friendly and fully searchable online database, TEE documents the rich postural, gestural, tactile, chemical and acoustic communication and behavior of savanna elephants, including rare, novel and idiosyncratic behavior, as well as that expressed in response to people.
The Elephant Ethogram: A Library of African Elephant Behavior (TEE) is an ElephantVoices initiative to document the complex and diverse repertoire of African savanna elephant ( Loxodonta africana) behavior and communication.
0 kommentar(er)
